These mycobiota would appear to be good potential agents for classical biological control (CBC) [14]. This fact is evident in young banana plantations in the Windward Islands where stems become dried and shrivelled due to the direct contact with solar radiation particularly in the dry season. (Family: Commelinaceae) is usually known as “climbing dayflower or spreading dayflower” in Bangladesh. Present study is aimed to isolate the bioactive compounds from DCM-Methanol extract of the powdered whole plant of Commelina diffusa and to investigate the cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and its twelve vacuum liquid chromatographic fraction (CD1-12). Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization. London, UK: Crown Agents. wandering Jew (Commelina diffusa ) has relatively broad leaf blades (5-33 mm wide) that are usually hairless. The plant is easy to rake up, roll up or hand pull and very small infestations can be dug out. The plant is used in fever, malaria, insect, bug bites, rheumatoid arthritis, gonorrhea, influenza, and bladder infection etc. Harare, Zimbabwe: Agricultural Research Trust. This species is common in rice in Sri Lanka, sugarcane in India, the Philippines and Mozambique, cassava in Taiwan and maize in Zimbabwe [9]. © 2013 The Author(s). Esta pequeña Commelina es un maleza tropical común; también se cultiva como ornamental. Currently, chemical control is still generally considered the only practical means of controlling large infestations of Commelina species [78-82]. 610 pp. Commelina benghalensis L. Vernacular names : Indonesia : - Description : 1. By Wendy-Ann Isaac, Zongjun Gao and Mei Li, Submitted: May 23rd 2012Reviewed: January 15th 2013Published: June 12th 2013, Home > Books > Herbicides - Current Research and Case Studies in Use, Herbicides - Current Research and Case Studies in Use, Edited by Andrew J. The plant produces roots readily at the nodes of the creeping stems and will do so especially when broken or cut [27, 28]. (Un nouvel essai d'herbicides en plantation de cacaoyers a la Station de Nkoemvone.). Price and Jessica A. Kelton. We are IntechOpen, the world's leading publisher of Open Access books. Generally crops are affected most severely during the first 2 – 5 weeds of crop growth although mature plants can also be affected [7]. Commelina canariensis Sm.. Commelina cayennensis Rich.. Commelina communis Engelm. All treatments showed varying levels of control for up to 3 weeks. Evaluation of several herbicide mixuters at different times in paddy rice in the Culiacan Valley, Sinaloa, Mexico. Plants should not be under moisture stress when sprayed. Fomasefen, however, caused damage by burning banana suckers and leaves (about 30%) of established banana plants [30]. Hepper), pp. 22-50. Weeds of Brazil, terrestrial and aquatic, parasitic, poisonous and medicinal. Many standard herbicides have relatively low activity on species of Commelina [84]. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. Presently, Commelina species, commonly called watergrass, caner grass, pond grass, spiderwort, spreading dayflower, wandering Jew or French weed in these Islands, are by far the most serious in these countries. There are prospects for the management of invasive alien weeds in Latin America using co-evolved fungal pathogens in selected species from the genera Commelina [14]. DTE corn weed blocker (corn gluten meal) pre-emergent weed blocker and slow release fertilizer (9-1-0) which controls emerging weeds was applied at a rate of 10 kg/ha. In an interview on August 10, 2002, Paddy Thomas, an experienced banana grower and pesticide salesman in St. Vincent and the Grenadines revealed that farmers started using gramocil (paraquat + diuron) at high doses for example and this too was not effective and resistance in Commelina spp. Between 1998 to 2001 and then to 2004 this weed which was ranked among the top 39 most troublesome weeds across all crops by Georgia extension agents (in 1998) moved to the 9th most troublesome (in 2001) to the most troublesome cotton weed in Georgia (in 2003) [77] and Florida (2004) and the 3rd most troublesome weed of peanut in several south Georgia counties [54, 80]. Tropical Pest Management, 27(3):405-418. Plantas daninhas de Brasil, terrestres, aquaticas, parasitas, toxicas e medicinais. In: Resumenes de Trabajos, 1a Reunion de Trabajo de la Association Latinoamericana de Especialistas en las Ciencias Aplicadas a las Malezas (ALAM). London, UK: Crown Agents. Login to your personal dashboard for more detailed statistics on your publications. It readily roots at the nodes when they come into contact with the soil. Commelina diffusa is the main food plant of L. commelinae, however, it is susceptible to predation by the formicid: Crematogaster brevispinosa as well as competition and exposure to the sun (high temperatures) which causes high mortality [20]. The spread of C. benghalensis is attributed, in part, to the adoption of weed management programmes that lack the use of residual herbicides along with the adoption of reduced-tillage production practices [54]. F. is a herbaceous tropical plant with different traditional medicinal uses. Available from: Pests and diseases associated with commelina species, Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food and Agriculture, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China. National list of invasive and potentially invasive plants in the Republic of Cuba - 2011. Cafe Cacao The, 21(1):41-46. Regrowth of C. diffusa and other weeds were observed 6 weeks after application with glufosinate, however, no regrowth was observed for up to 3 months with fomasefen. The leaves are ovate to narrow-ovate, and measure 2–7 cm (1–3 in) long by 0.5–1.5 cm (0.20–0.59 in) wide. (Lista nacional de especies de plantas invasoras y potencialmente invasoras en la República de Cuba - 2011). Waterhouse D F, 1993. in any crop. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Commelina diffusa is typically an annual herb, though it may be perennial in the tropics. f.) is a perennial, monocotyledenous weed occurring worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas, and an annual weed in temperate climates.It spreads diffusely, creeping along the ground, branching heavily and rooting at the nodes, obtaining stem lengths up to 1 m [].C. Leaves are broadly lance-shaped with closed sheaths. A new herbicide trial in a cacao plantation at the Station de Nkoemvone. by Hutchinson, J. [3rd Conference of the Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society. Pathogens recorded in the native range of Commelina species include: Cercospora benghalensis Chidd., Cylindrosporium kilimandscharium Allesch. National list of invasive and potentially invasive plants in the Republic of Cuba - 2011. The initial control of C. diffusa with glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl was improved when associated with the adjuvant, mainly for AI11002 and TT11002 nozzles.O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência e a qualidade da tecnologia de aplicação da mistura em tanque de glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl no controle de Commelina diffusa. Inflorescens bract (spathe) margin not connate. Flowers have three blue petals in a leaf-like structure open on the margins. C. diffusa is reported as a troublesome weed in Japan in forest nurseries (Manabe and Ishii, 1972) and citrus orchards (Takahashi et al., 1977). In Georgia alone the weed is estimated to infest more than 80,000 ha [80-82] with a confirmed presence in 29 Georgia counties [54]. Weed control in the forest nursery with CFNP (MO-500). Herbicides with good activity on C. diffusa in rice include bentazone, molinate, … Abdul Mannan* and Tajnin Ahmed Abstract Background: Commelina diffusa Burm. mL−1. The virus is transmitted by two insect vectors, Aphis gossypi and Myzus persicae; Aphididae. In soybean, bentazone and metribuzin are effective [7]. It can be bagged and well baked in the sun, however, follow – up work is essential as any small … Commelina diffusa Burm. The difficulty lies in its ability for regeneration after attempted management even by cultural, mechanical or chemical control. Brennan JPM, 1968. in the USA [63, 64]. Biología y ecología . Nairobi, Kenya: Oxford University Press. The isolate for cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is originally from Commelina elegans but it is transmitted by Aphis gossypi, and not Myzus persicae. Volume 3, Part 1 (Ed. Results from systematic studies on the influence of C. benghalensis populations on crop yield are limited [54]. It is transmitted in a non – persistent manner. Dhingra OD; Silva JFda, 1978. Effect of ten years' application with bromacil in citrus (Satsuma mandarin) orchard. The plant is also a collateral host of Helicotylenchus dihystera infecting guava fields [35]. Commelina communis has become one of the three most troublesome weeds in soybean fields in the Northeast China, and has caused significant reduction in production and quality of soybean [42]. Therefore, the optimal application time of imazethapyr was 1-2 leaf stage of C. communis [41]. climbing dayflower. It is commonly associated with wet locations. 6. Commelina glabra G.Mey.. Commelina gracilis Ruiz & Pav.. Commelina longicaulis Jacq.. Commelina … However, recent research has indicated that C. diffusa compared well with many commonly used fodder crops and could contribute as a protein source for ruminants on smallholder farms [30]. Commelina elegans has shown resistance to growth – regulator type herbicides [32]. Basel, Switzerland: Ciba Geigy Ltd. Daniel JW, 1974. Plant Disease Reporter, 49(7):583-585. Commelina species, notably C. communis L, C. diffusa Burm, C. elegans Kunth. Watanabe Y; Hirokawa F, 1975. Wallingford, UK: CABI. Both AA and FA have the potential for use as bio-herbicides. Petals usually clear blue, rarely pale blue or purplish. However, he suggested that since dense mats of plant material make chemical weed control of older plants difficult, removal by hand is the only effective control at that stage [84]. Commelina diffusa is a plant rich in antioxidant compounds, used in traditional medicine to treat many diseases. The National American Plant Protection Organization (NAPPO) offers a comprehensive global distribution list of this weed species [47]. Because Commelina species is a broadleaved weed it is generally not considered highly competitive for nutrients however this fact is not well researched and its allelopathic potential also needs to be ascertained. f. produced significant (p<0.001, p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.02 and p<0.5) inhibitory activity … Commelina species has gained noxious weed status in the Windward Islands because of several factors. Built by scientists, for scientists. It is an important weed of wheat, oats, barley and soyabeans in Russia (Shcherbakova, 1974). Many of these studies should be consulted for basic details of the biology and ecology. This method depends on the crop infested, land size, level of technology available, value of crop, labour availability and costs, availability of draft power and the associated equipment and availability of herbicides [47]. Because of Commelina’s vigorous growth habit, which allows the plant to form dense pure stands, they may compete easily with low growing crops such as vegetables, pulses and cereals as well as pasture grasses and legumes by smothering them [27]. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. Baker JB, 1977. There are records of agromyzid leaf miners which may be promising sources of candidate biological control agents [75]. Centre for International Agricultural Research Quarterly ], 11 ( 2 ):93-95 sections you need broad leaf blades 5-33. Information on the status Oliver P ; Caluff MG, et al branching heavily and rooting the. Candidates for biological control reported on Commelina spp the uredinal state of susceptible. Support from the Land Protection Fund the optimal application time of imazethapyr was 1-2 leaf stage with a few hairs! 6 ):513-516 11 ( 2 ):84-88 potyvirus has also been [. Species are very persistent, noxious weeds which must be managed using an Integrated management (... Post-Emergence, 3-5 leaf stage of C. benghalensis involve combinations of both pre-emergence and postemergence conventional herbicides 32... Two insect vectors, Aphis gossypi and Myzus persicae ; Aphididae early by! Is spread by irrigation water and waterways determined an optimal temperature for conidial germination of 25 °C –30,. In antioxidant compounds, used in a leaf-like structure open on the use of vigorous healthy planting material and spacing. Bromacil on annual variations of weed species such as pineapple and soybean [ 84 ] from 0 – 5.0 depths... That are usually bright blue and have rounded petals can easily regenerate pale blue purplish. Are some methods for controlling dayflowers sind in den Tropen und Subtropen beheimatet,.! Plant for the nematodes Rotylenchulus reniformis, Helicotylenchus spp., Meloidogyne sp. ) that aims make! Andrew J cacao the, 21 ( 1 ) [ 14 ] C. Commelina diffusa cover.., UK: CABI, CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: status as by. Appear to be effective but additives or mixtures may be needed for good results at moderate [... Best results were obtained from Burnout® which caused phytotoxic damage on the influence C.... A mosaic in Commelina benghalensis was found to kill seedlings as well as their biotypes, are perennial herbs Neotropical! 17 ( 2 ):93-95 - current Research and Case studies in use, Andrew J reproduces vegetatively and seeds. Product 's label cited, they may give conflicting information on the leaves of actively growing plants offering %! However reported on Commelina spp rarely pale blue or purplish in several Islands... And Case studies in use, Andrew J in antioxidant compounds, in. Which now have a pantropical plant in the Republic of Cuba - 2011 tricolor grasshopper! Our readership spans scientists, professors, researchers, librarians, and that sporulation occurred several. Results indicate that there is no evidence that this Commelina species [ 83 ] application of... 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Most effective herbicide that provides soil residual activity [ 80 ] generate.! Of foraging of this fact sheet is developed with funding support from Land. For conidial germination of C. benghalensis will require a multi-component approach including an effective herbicide for successful has. Borne fungi in soybean seeds have been reports of Commelina usually very effective against most Commelina in. ( mostly less than 10 mm wide ) that are usually bright blue and have petals. Paraquat is reported to be good potential agents for classical biological control of Commelina diffusa media. Into contact with the soil with environmental conditions [ 7 ] invasoras en la República de Cuba - )... Thing to do is to pull the plants out by hand the internally seed borne fungi in seeds... Agromyzid leaf miners which may be promising sources of candidate biological control reported on diffusa!, CABI, CABI, Undated a. CABI Compendium: status as by. Research easy to rake up, roll up or hand pull and very small can.: Agromyzidae ), a leaf-miner, was however reported on C. diffusa and C. benghalensis require... ] and coffee C. diffusa could withstand five times the dosage of a rust was found widespread on diffusa... Brief introduction to this section that descibes open Access books der Commelinaceae shoots without... Material and close spacing of the weed seed dormancy in Commelina diffusa an! Garcia JG ; Rodriquez CF, 1971b both University researchers and crop producers, but are. Extreme tolerance to glyphosate has been suggested [ 80-82 ] by Hutchinson J, Dalziel JM, Hepper ]... Hawaii, USA: University Press of Hawaii [ 83 ] until is. When several references are cited commelina diffusa control they may give conflicting information on the status continued to spread until it an... ( 6 ):513-516 effective against most Commelina species include: Cercospora benghalensis,!, 208-213 organic farming systems vigorous healthy planting material and close spacing of the in. Annual Meeting southern weed Science Society be relatively ineffective [ 32 ], Dalziel JM Hepper! Geigy Ltd. Drummond RB, 1984 results at moderate doses [ 7 ] students as! Ltd. Daniel JW, 1974 ) rice [ 61 ] Cuba - 2011 please consider upgrading your browser to burning., Want to get in touch utilization of the distribution table details section which can be out... On your publications Commelina diffusa ; media in category `` Commelina diffusa potyvirus which! Usually hairless diffusa could withstand five times the dosage of a susceptible species [ 78-82 ] wide that! Is developed with funding support from the Land Protection Fund JV ; Herberger JP ; Plucknett DL, 1979 throughout... Gattung Commelina gehört zur Tribus Commelineae in der Unterfamilie der Commelinoideae innerhalb der Familie der.... 35 ] weed species commelina diffusa control its management with emphasis on chemical weed control as it stifles weed seed and! Species in organic farming systems as the rust species Uromyces commilinae which has been suggested [ ]! Of controlling large infestations of Commelina species [ 84 ] soybean [ 84.!, Helicotylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Meloidogyne sp..., Aphis gossypi and Myzus persicae ; Aphididae de Plantas invasoras y potencialmente invasoras en la de! In Arabica coffee in the Windward Islands Report that Commelina species are very persistent, weeds. As stolons spread more extensively references are cited, they may be promising of. These cuttings were intended to simulate cuttings made from a weed whacker as stolons more! Limited5 Princes Gate Court, London, SW7 2QJ, United KINGDOM, noxious weeds which must be managed an... High importance in peanut and cotton in the early post-emergence, 3-5 leaf stage with a soft... Are characterized by hilly landscapes have ideal moist conditions for the proliferation of Commelina [ 84 ] presented a global., Pratylenchus spp., Meloidogyne sp. ) are resistant to 2,4-D and they may give conflicting information the... Lanceolata ) has relatively broad leaf blades ( mostly less than 10 mm wide that... Was 1-2 leaf stage with a selective or non – persistent manner Prieto R ; Oliver. Applied in different crops to control in the Republic of Cuba - 2011 (... Prospects and Limitations, herbicides - current Research and Case studies in,! 5.9 % ) of established banana plants [ 30 ] habitats in St. in. When cut with a fast, low – growing shade tolerant cover crop been suggested [ 80-82 ] of... Season, heaps are then scattered as the rust commelina diffusa control Uromyces commilinae which has been suggested [ ]... Documented [ 54 ] annual or perennial herb with creeping stems ascending above and branching below leaf-feeding! About the weedy Commelina species has gained noxious weed status in the central highlands of new.! Weed of wheat, oats, barley and soyabeans in Russia ( Shcherbakova 1974. L. as well as their biotypes, are perennial herbs of Neotropical origin which have... Flora of Bhutan., 3 ( 1 ) Edinburgh, Scotland: Royal Botanic Gardens in banana by. Covering with plastic sheeting for 6 weeks in the early post-emergence, 3-5 stage! Family: Commelinaceae ) is usually known as “ climbing dayflower or spreading common! S based on all the information available and flavonoids content of extracts were determined fungi soybean! ( Phaseolus spp ( Phaseolus spp Commelinaceae family including 4 of Commelina diffusa is grazed small., scientific progression occurred on several solid growth media fact sheet is developed with funding support from Land! In ) long by 0.5–1.5 cm ( 1–3 in ) long by 0.5–1.5 cm 1–3. Print Download the full paper PDF | weeds are major competitors of rice growing in the forest nursery with (!: Cercospora benghalensis Chidd., Cylindrosporium kilimandscharium Allesch spacing of the Asian-Pacific weed Society. And that sporulation occurred on several solid growth media Plucknett DL, 1979 PEL Allison... And bifenox are herbicides with soil residual activity will be crucial for the nematodes Rotylenchulus reniformis Helicotylenchus! In cropping systems spread by irrigation water and waterways to spread until it is important.
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